During the pandemic, approximately from the Q2 2021 to Q3 of 2022 there was a huge demand for making everything digital asap.
That along with people believing the metaverse will be the only future and people won't go back to normal ways of socialising that much; created a huge supply and demand imbalance for people.
During those times due to low interest rates companies got debt and/or funding very easily.
So it resulted in unrealistic salary hikes (for new joiners).
Afterwards "metaverse will only be the way of life" bubble burst.
The things which went digital require less people for maintenance (maintenance in IT needs less people than creating).
And as BaatMaan mentioned the interest rates etc are increased.
Hence due to the combination of these reasons, current market situation is like this.